Ecology as Here Understood
This time in the system of social knowledge, we will learn about the ecology as here understood. Okay for more details, let us listen to the flow of the ecology as here understood below.
Ecology in common understanding is the study of the reciprocal relations of living organisms—plants, animals and man—and their environment (Phillips, 1959B: 36). Within this admittedly very broad definition there is included, by implication, the responses of the individual organism and of aggregations or communities of organisms; the action of the factors of the climatic and soil environment upon organisms and the reciprocal reactions of organisms upon the environment; and communities or successions, where by is generated the ecological development of biotic communities. To Clements (1916 et seq.), one time doyen of plant ecologists, largely are due the prinsiples of this conseption of ecology and to his memory is due my tribute for his early inspiration of my own studies in ecology. Curtis (1956) has said that the categorical defenition of ecology as the study of organisms in relation to their environment is weak because of its very broadness. He considered that ‘a more useful operational defenition might be.......: “Ecology is the study of material and energy cahnges in biotic communities”.’ ‘This defenition involves’, he said, ‘the comparison of efficiency of communities develop.’ He further claimed that included is the studyof the organization of structures, through which energy and materials flow, and of the methods where by that organization is maintained. If, indeed, all this is inferred in the defenition I accept it. (Vide Macfadyen and Newbould (Edit: 1964) for recent approaches.)
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